Polycystic Kidney Disease

Body function:

Reproductive & Urinary

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Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in Bull Terriers, known as BTPKD, leads to fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. This condition significantly impairs renal function and often results in chronic renal failure as the dog ages. The disease is associated with a mutation in the Pkd1 gene located on CFA06. This mutation results in a change in the Polycystin 1 protein, which is critical for normal kidney function.

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List of affected breeds:

Genetic research has linked this gene and condition in the following breeds:

Bull Terrier

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What does this mean for a dog with this trait?

Managing BTPKD involves regular veterinary monitoring and supportive care to manage symptoms and slow disease progression. Ultrasound screening is used to detect cysts in the kidneys, though it can be costly and requires an experienced operator. Early diagnosis is challenging, and frequent examinations may be necessary to assess disease progression. Affected dogs should be managed with a diet that supports kidney health and may require medications to address complications like high blood pressure or infections.

Symptoms

Bull Terriers with BTPKD often show symptoms related to kidney dysfunction. These may include increased thirst and urination, bad breath, weight loss, lethargy, and vomiting. As the disease progresses, affected dogs may develop more severe symptoms such as blisters and shivering. In some cases, symptoms can appear suddenly and dramatically within a short period, leading to a rapid decline in health. Early stages of the disease might not present noticeable signs, and many dogs appear healthy until the condition reaches an advanced stage. At this point, the kidneys are severely compromised, leading to a final stage where treatment options are limited, and euthanasia may be considered.

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