Alport Syndrome (Samoyed)

Body function:

Skeletal & Joint

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X-linked Alport syndrome, also known as X-linked hereditary nephritis (HN) in Samoyed dogs, is a genetic disorder similar to human Alport syndrome. This condition is associated with a defect in type IV collagen, which is essential for maintaining structural integrity in the kidneys. In Samoyed dogs, this genetic disorder is caused by mutations in the COL4A5 gene, leading to the progressive deterioration of kidney function.

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List of affected breeds:

Genetic research has linked this gene and condition in the following breeds:

Samoyed

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What does this mean for a dog with this trait?

Management of Alport syndrome in Samoyed dogs involves supportive care aimed at slowing the progression of kidney disease. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have demonstrated effectiveness in treating this condition. Research has demonstrated that ACE inhibitors can delay the onset of increased serum creatinine levels, improve renal plasma flow, and reduce proteinuria in affected dogs. These treatments help in prolonging the survival of affected dogs and improve their quality of life.

Symptoms

Samoyed dogs with Alport syndrome begin to exhibit symptoms of kidney failure by 15 months of age. Early signs include excessive thirst and urination, vomiting, inappetence, weight loss, and general weakness. Affected dogs may also have inappropriate urination behaviors. The disease manifests as an abnormal presence of protein in the urine, detectable in puppies as young as two to three months old. Males are more frequently affected and tend to show more severe symptoms, eventually succumbing to kidney failure by around 15 months of age. Female carriers, on the other hand, may experience slower disease progression and less severe symptoms, if any.

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